Spinning and twisting device



May 12, 1970 SPINNING AND TWISTING DEVICE Filed Dec. 21, 1967 P. K.KORIKOVSKY ETA!- FIG! 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 12, 1970 P. K. KORIKOVSKY ETAL I SPINNING AND TWISTING DEVICE Filed Dec. 21, 1987 2 Sheets-Sheet 2United States Patent 3,511,041 SPINNING AND TWISTING DEVICE PetrKonstantinovich Korikovsky, Nagatinskaya ul. 32, kv. 61, Moscow, USSR;and Semen Dmitrievich Laushkin, Ul. Komsomolskaya 328, kv. 36; ViktorVasilievich Sorokin, Prihorostroitelnaya ul. 12, kv. 69; and JurySemenovich Kulichkov, Priborostroitelnaya ul. 12, kv. 71, all of Orel,U.S.S.R.

Filed Dec. 21, 1967, Ser. No. 692,454 Int. Cl. D01h 13/00 US. Cl. 57-347 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE A spinning and twisting device isprovided which can be employed on machines for obtaining twisted threadby the combined spinning and twisting method, the device being asub-assembly combined in one unit and mounted on a bracket and includinga hollow spindle, a brake for said spindle, a tensioning mechanism and areceiving and winding arrangement. The device is provided with apneumatic system for effecting a threading up operation, the systembeing constituted by the channel of the hollow spindle, a tube couplingthe tensioning mechanism with the channel of the spindle, a hollowflexible hose in front of a traverse guide and a jacket for thetensioning mechanism.

The present invention relates to spinning and twisting machines foreffecting a continuous method of spinning and twisting, and moreparticularly it relates to spinning and twisting devices of thesemachines.

Known in the prior art are spinning and twisting machines, in which aspinning and twisting device, comprising a hollow spindle, a spindlebrake, a tension mechanism, a traverse guide, and a receiving andwinding arrangement are connected to other working members of themachine. This does not allow the use on the machine of bobins varying asto their height with a twisted thread, but calls for a great number ofspinning and twisting machines of various types.

Besides, the lever of the bobbin holder of the receiving and twistingdevice is of a complicated design, of too large a size, and likely toget out of order during proi longed operation. The existing machines donot possess a mechanism for effecting the automatic setting of thethread, and the latter is set in place by the aid of a metallic pinwhich is put through the spindle channel.

An object of the present invention is to provide a combined spinning andtwisting device which is built as a unit sub-assembly for utilization onnew spinning and twisting machines and for converting older existingspinning machines into spinning and twisting machines. It allows the useof bobbins of different height with a twisted thread, and the pneumaticsetting-in or threading-up of the thread.

The device according to the invention, operates similar to that in US.Pat. No. 3,177,642 and constitutes an improvement thereof. In this typeof apparatus a yarn is twisted in one operation as it emerges from thefront rolls of the drafting system while simultaneously being doubledwith an already twisted yarn carried by a hollow spindle while bothyarns are passing through the hollow spindle. The device of thisapplication is an improvement over that in said patent, the improvementresiding in a unitized conveying and tensioning system between thehollow spindle and the final cross wound package.

3 511,041 Patented May 12, 1970 In the spinning and twisting deviceaccording to the invention the hollow spindle, its brake, tensionmechanism, and the bobbin holder are combined as an independentsub-assembly, and are mounted on a bracket on the machine in a numberequal to that of the spindles. The receiving and twisting arrangementand traverse guide are thereby disposed under the spindle, which permitsit to free the space under the spindle and thus to employ spindlesdesigned to be used with bobbins of a greater height with a twistedthread.

It is expedient to design the tension mechanism in the form of a rollerfreely rotating on an axle, said roller being provided with an annulargroove for engaging the thread and allowing the passage of air duringthe threading-up operation. The tension mechanism may be therebyconnected to the hollow spindle and traverse guide, and may be providedwith a common system for setting in the thread during the threading-upoperation.

The proposed design of the tension mechanism allows it to dispense withthe use of a traction member, disposed under the spindle of the existingmachines, and allows the use of simple and reliable means for setting inthe thread to be supplied by a stream of compressed air from the spindlechannel into the receiving and winding ar rangement.

The connection of the tension mechanism with the hollow spindle iseffected through a tube, and with the traverse guide through a flexiblehollow hose, the tension mechanism must be thereby enclosed in a jacketconnected to said hose and tube. The connection of the jacket throughthe flexible hose and tube to the traverse guide and hollow spindleallows it, not only to unite said component parts into one sub-assemblyhaving a common pneumatic system for setting in the thread, but also todirect the stream of compressed air into the tension mechanism and toavoid a variable tension which may exit when winding the thread on thebobbin.

In the receiving and winding arrangement, the gear for clamping thebobbin holder to a friction shaft is made in the form of a two armspring-loaded lever mounted on a bracket, which permits the extent ofclamping of the bobbin holder to the friction shaft to be adjusted, andprincipally it allows said sub-assembly to be. made in small size, itpermits the thread to be conveniently set in, and ready allows finishedbobbins to be easily removed.

To reduce the time, as required for setting in the thread prior tostarting the working operation and for facilitating the pocess ofsetting in the thread, it is necessary to supply air either through anejector into a pneumatic system or through an ejector, provided eitherbetween the hollow spindle and tension mechanism, or be tween thetension mechanism and the traverse guide connected therewith.

The spinning and twisting device is designed as an independentsub-assembly mounted on a bracket; this simplifies the construction ofthe machine and renders more easy the mounting of the machine. Also itenables rapid conversion of any spinning machine with a varying pitch ofthe spindles to a spinning and twisting machine. The common pneumaticsystem allows thereby the process of setting in the thread prior to theworking procedure to be accelerated and rendered more easy.

The use of the proposed device allows it to simplify the design of themachine, to facilitate its servicing and to improve its appearance.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become morefully apparent from a consideration of the following description of anexemplary embodiment thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is an elevation view, partly in section, of the spinning andtwisting device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tension mechanism of the deviceaccording to the invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line III- III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a gear for clamping the bobbin holder to afriction shaft in the device according to the invention; and

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an ejector, provided in the device foreffecting the supply of air when setting in the thread according to theinvention.

The spinning and twisting device is essentially an independentsub-assembly mounted on a bracket 1 (FIG. 1), said sub-assemblycomprising a hollow spindle 2, a brake 3 of said spindle 2, a tensionmechanism 4, and a bobbin holder 5.

The receiving and winding arrangement and traverse guide are disposed infront of the spindle 2. Said elements are united into an independentsub-assembly mounted on the bracket, and the receiving and windingarrangement is located in front of the spindle. This allows an easy andrapid conversion of any spinning machine into a spinning and twistingmachine. The process of forming a twisted thread on such spinning andtwisting machines is similar to that described in US. Pat. No.3,177,642.

Mounted on the hollow spindle 2 is a bobbin 28 with a single twistedthread. At the upper end of the hollow spindle 2 the single threadunwound from the bobbin 28 is pieced up with the roving that emergesfrom a drafting mechanism (not shown). Due to the rotation of thespindle the roving between the drafting mechanism and the point of itsbeing pieced up with the thread unwound from the bobbin 28 is subjectedto a torque, i.e., spinning is thus effected. Below the point ofconnection of said roving thus twisted and said thread the latter due tothe rotation of the spindle are twisted into one thread, i.e., twistingis thus effected. The twisted thread obtained through tensioningmechanism 4 is fed to the receiving and winding arrangement.

The device is further provided with a pneumatic system to facilitate thethreading-up operation, said pneumatic system being constituted by thechannel of the hollow spindle 2, a tube 11, a hollow hose 12 and jacket13 of the tensioning mechanism, the tensioning mechanism beingassociated with the channel of the hollow spindle through the tube andwith transverse guide 5 through the hollow hose.

The tension mechanism 4 of the device is essentially a friction roller,composed of two parts 6 and 7 (FIG. 3) which form, when united, a shapedannular groove 8 for receiving the thread and allowing compressed airfrom the pneumatic system to pass when setting in the thread. Thisroller is freely mounted on an axle together with a bearing 9. Theweight of the roller, its diameter, and the coeflicient of friction ofthe twisted thread in the groove 8 of the roller and in the bearing 9are selected in such a manner as to establish a friction moment at theaxle 10 causing braking of the roller during its rotation by the twistedthread thereby providing for its required tension. The tension mechanism4 precludes the possibility of a single thread being wound onto thereceiving bobbin 5 in the event that thread unwound from bobbin 28 orthe roving becomes broken. At the moment when either of the threads isbroken, the second one also breaks, because one thread, being untwistedin the channel of the spindle 2, is incapable of overcoming the frictionfor the rotation of the roller.

Hence, the winding of a single untwisted thread on the receiving bobbinis prevented.

The tension mechanism 4 (FIG. 2) is connected through tube 11 to thehollow spindle 2, and through the hollow flexible hose 12 to thetraverse guide, this tension mechanism together with the above-saidunits defining a common pneumatic system for setting in the thread. Thejacket 13, made of a transparent plastic material, accommodates saidtension mechanism 4.

The jacket 13 is provided with a cover 14 (FIG. 3) for protecting thetension mechanism 4 (FIG. 2) against dust and lint. The tube 11 isforced into the jacket 13 on one side, while forced into the other sideis the flexible hose 12. The tube 11 is thereby employed for fasteningthe tension mechanism 4 to the bracket 1 and for guiding the air flow.

The hollow hose 12 terminates at traverse guide 15 which is connectedthrough a bracket 16 to a bar 17 which reciprocates guide 15. Thetraverse guide 15 is essentially a metal funnel with a slot to effectthe automatic introduction of the thread after it has been taken by thereceiving and winding arrangement.

The flexible hollow hose 12 is intended for supplying the thread by astream of air into the receiving and winding arrangement, as Well as forcompensating the periodical variation of the thread tension which isproduced by spreading the thread along the bobbin to be wound on account.of a variation in the length of the thread section found between thetension mechanism 4 and the point of running-on of the thread onto thebobbin 5. This is achieved owing to a constant length of the flexiblehose 12 calculated for the maximum length of the thread section inone ofthe extreme positions of the traverse guide 15. When the guide 15 ismoving to its middle position, the hose 12 is constrained to bend,thereby making the length of the thread section preserve its constantvalue.

To prevent the thread from touching the internal surface of the flexiblehose 12, there are inserted into the latter rings 18 made of steel orother material that is not likely to be cut by the thread in the courseof a prolonged operation. The flexible hose 12 with the rings 18 can bereplaced by a compression spring whose turns tightly adjoin each other(not shown in the drawing).

The receiving and winding arrangement is composed of a friction shaft 19(FIG. 1), bobbin holder 5, and a mechanism for clamping the bobbinholder 5 against the friction shaft 19.

The mechanism for clamping the bobbin holder 5 against the frictionshaft 19 is essentially a two-arm spring-loaded lever 20 (FIG. 4) havinga roller of the bobbin holder 5 secured thereon and rotating on ahearing.

The two-arm lever 20 is mounted on the bracket 1, and freely rotatesabout an axle 21 as the bobbin is built up. Articulated to the short armof the lever 20 is a guide member 22 with a compression spring 23thereon. The guide member 22 together with the spring 23 thereon isinserted into a through hole of an axle 24 which is freely rotatable inthe bracket 1.

The compression spring 23 rests with one of its ends against the shortarm of the lever 20, while its other end rests against the movable axle24. When the lever 20 is rotating about the axle 21, the spring 23 iseither compressed or released; the guide member 22 is thereby movinginside the hole of the axle 24. Acting in such a manner on the short armof the lever 20, the compression spring 23 clamps the bobbin holder 5against the friction shaft 19; and when the lever 20 is thrown up to therest position, the compression spring retains the ready wound bobbin inits upper position, thereby facilitating the removal of the bobbin. Thelength of the arms of the lever 20 and the compression spring 23 areselected in such a manner as to provide the necessary clamping of thebobbin holder 5 against the friction shaft 19 during the winding of thebobbin and to retain the lever 20 together with the ready wound bobbinin the upper position when removing it therefrom. The mechanism forclamping the bobbin holder allows adjusting of the spring 23 and henceof the clamping force of the bobbin against the friction shaft, thuspermitting the provision of a more convenient removal zone when throwingup the lever 20 and the individual removal of the bobbins at eachworking location. The mechanism for clamping the bobbin holder is closedwith a cover 25 for protecting it against dust and other foreignsubstances.

Secured on the two-arm lever 20 is a transparent cover 26, closing thetop of the bobbin being wound on the bobbin holder 5, thus protecting itagainst soiling by fluff.

Air is supplied into the pneumatic system for setting in the thread bymeans of an ejector 27 (FIG. 5) provided between the tension mechanism 4and the traverse guide connected therewith.

The ejector 27 produces vacuum in the flexible hose 12 by sucking in thethread from the receiving bobbin into the funnel of the traverse guide15 and passing the air through the tension mechanism 4 and the spindlechannel 2 in the direction opposite the direction of the thread travel.

The ejector may be placed between the tension mechanism 4 and the hollowspindle 2 (not shown in the drawing), thus producing vacuum in thechannel of the spindle 2 and sucking a loop from bobbin 28 (FIG. 1) intothe spindle channel, and passing air through the tension mechanism 4,flexible hose 12, traverse guide 15, to the receiving and windingarrangement in the direction of the travel of the thread.

Compressed air is also supplied through a hollow thread guider 29(FIG. 1) provided between the drawing device of the machine and thespindle 2. By making the spout of the thread guider 29 coincide with thechannel of the spindle 2, a stream of compressed air can be passed intothe spindle channel, to feed thread to the receiving and windingarrangement in the direction of the travel of the thread.

Compressed air is supplied into the pneumatic system according to any ofthe above-mentioned embodiments only at the moment when a threading-upoperation is to be effected.

When converting a spinning machine into a SPlIlIllIlg and twisting one,a spindle bar with spindles, annular strip and mechanism for lifting theannular strip are to be removed. In place of the removed parts andmechanisms, two strips 30 are arranged along the Whole machine, andsecured thereto are the brackets 1 having the spinning and twistingsub-assemblies mounted thereon.

The number of the brackets 1 thereby corresponds to that of the spindlesprovided on the machine. When the final transmission is slightly varied,the friction shaft 19 and space carn (which is not shown in the drawing)are driven in motion, thereby reciprocating the bar 17 of the traverseguide. The brackets 16 (FIG. 2) are secured on the bar 17 of the guide15 by a stop screw 31. The place where the brackets 16 are secured tothe bar 17 is adjusted in the process of the machine operation.

The spinning and twisting device operates as follows.

Mounted on the hollow spindle 2 is bobbin 28 with a single thread thatis twisted. At the upper end of the hollow spindle 2 the single threadunwound from the bobbin 28 is pieced up with the roving that emergesfrom the drafting mechanism. Due to the rotation of the spindle, theroving between the drafting mechanism and the point of its being piecedup with the thread unwound from the bobbin 28 is subjected to a torque,i.e., the spin ning process is effected. Below the point of connectionof said thread and the twisted roving the latter due to the rotation ofthe spindle are twisted into one thread, i.e., the twisting process iseffected. The obtained thread passes through the tensioning mechanism 4and is fed into the receiving and winding arrangement.

When a thread is broken or a bobbin is replaced, the handle of the brake3 is turned, and the spindle 2 is thus stopped. The thread is wound offfrom the bobbin 28 fitted on the spindle 2, and is then brought in theform of a loop to the upper end of the spindle 2. The thread isintroduced into the spindle channel by the action of the air from guider29 and by the vacuum provided in the channel by the ejector, which maybe between the hollow spindle and tension mechanism 4. Then the threadis entrained by a stream of compressed air into the tension mechanism 4and flexible hose 12 terminating in the traverse guide 15, and is thenfed due to the rotation of the bobbin towards the receiving and windingarrangement where the thread is gripped by the bobbin holder 5 andfriction shaft 19. The bobbin is rotated by the friction shaft and thethread is wound on the bobbin. Thereupon the spindle is set intorotation, while the end of the thread from the bobbin 28 is pieced witha roving from the drafting mechanism. This completes the beginning ofthe combined process of spinning and twisting.

When being tensioned within a section between the traverse guide 15 andthe grip formed by the bobbin and friction shaft 19, the threadautomatically passes into a narrow slot of the traverse guide, whichprovides for its accurate spreading on the bobbin 5.

When caught by the rotating bobbin, the thread is tensioned and entersthe annular groove 8 of the friction roller of the tension mechanism 4(FIGS. 2 and 3) to cause the roller to rotate. The energy consumed bythe thread for rotating the roller, produces a difference in the threadtension before and after the tension mechanism 4. By selecting the ratiobetween the external and internal diameters of the roller, it ispossible to adjust the tension of the entering thread in such a manneras, first, to ensure the required density of winding and, secondly, toprevent winding discards due to the enforced breakage of the secondthread when the first one is broken even if it is not completelyuntwisted.

What is claimed is:

1. A spinning and twisting device comprising a bracket; a hollow spindlemounted on said bracket and adapted for receiving thread which is to bespun and twisted with other thread; brake means for said spindle mountedon said bracket; a tensioning mechanism arranged under said hollowspindle; a tube coupling said tensioning mechanism and the channel ofsaid hollow spindle; a friction shaft and a bobbin holder mounted onsaid bracket in front of said hollow spindle for winding spun andtwisted thread onto said bobbin holder, means for pressing said bobbinholder against said friction shaft, a traverse guide arranged in frontof said hollow spindle; and a hollow flexible hose connecting saidtensioning mechanism and the traverse guide, said friction shaft, bobbinholder and pressing means constituting a receiving and windingarrangement, and said channel of the hollow spindle, said tube, saidtensioning mechanism and said hollow flexible hose constituting aconduit for a pneumatic system adapted for effecting a threading-upoperation.

2. A spinning and twisting device according to claim 1 wherein saidtensioning mechanism comprises a freely rotatable roller provided with ashaped annular groove for frictionally engaging the thread when thelatter is wound onto the bobbin and for passing air during thethreading-up operation.

3. A spinning and twisting device according to claim 1 wherein saidtensioning mechanism comprises an enclosing jacket which receives saidflexible hose.

4. A spinning and twisting device according to claim 1 wherein saidmeans for pressing the bobbin holder against the friction shaftcomprises a two-arm spring-loaded lever mounted on said bracket.

5. A spinning and twisting device according to claim 1 comprising meansfor feeding air into the pneumatic system for advancing the thread inthe direction of its travel through the channel in said hollow spindle.

7 8 6. A spinning and twisting device according to claim 1 ReferencesCited comprising ejector means for feeding air into the pneu- UNITEDSTATES PATENTS matic system for advancing the thread, duringthreadingup, in the direction of thread travel through the hollow 223233 2 spmdle' 5 3,328,946 7/1967 Schumann et a1. 57-34 7. A spinning andtwisting device according to claim 1 comprising means for feeding airinto the pneumatic sys- STANLEY GILREATH, Primary Examiner tem, duringthreading-up, in a direction opposite to that of normal thread travelduring operation, the latter SCHROEDER Asslstant Examlner meanscomprising an ejector between said tensioning 10 US. Cl. X.R. mechanismand said traverse guide. 5762

